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| From | Number of exam questions | Exam name | Exam code | Certification |
| Lead4pass | 15 | AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate (SAA-C03) | SAA-C03 | AWS Certified Associate |
Question 1:
A company is using a centralized AWS account to store log data in various Amazon S3 buckets. A solutions architect needs to ensure that the data is encrypted at rest before the data is uploaded to the S3 buckets. The data also must be encrypted in transit.
Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Use client-side encryption to encrypt the data that is being uploaded to the S3 buckets.
B. Use server-side encryption to encrypt the data that is being uploaded to the S3 buckets.
C. Create bucket policies that require the use of server-side encryption with S3-managed encryption keys (SSE-S3) for S3 uploads.
D. Enable the security option to encrypt the S3 buckets through the use of a default AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key.
Correct Answer: A
Question 2:
A company wants to build a scalable key management Infrastructure to support developers who need to encrypt data in their applications. What should a solutions architect do to reduce the operational burden?
A. Use multifactor authentication (MFA) to protect the encryption keys.
B. Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to protect the encryption keys
C. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create, store, and assign the encryption keys
D. Use an IAM policy to limit the scope of users who have access permissions to protect the encryption keys
Correct Answer: B
Question 3:
A company wants to measure the effectiveness of its recent marketing campaigns. The company performs batch processing on CSV files of sales data and stores the results 玦 an Amazon S3 bucket once every hour. The S3 bi petabytes of objects. The company runs one-time queries in Amazon Athena to determine which products are most popular on a particular date for a particular region Queries sometimes fail or take longer than expected to finish.
Which actions should a solutions architect take to improve the query performance and reliability? (Select TWO.)
A. Reduce the S3 object sizes to less than 126 MB
B. Partition the data by date and region n Amazon S3
C. Store the files as large, single objects in Amazon S3.
D. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to run the Queries as pan of the batch processing operation
E. Use an AWS duo extract, transform, and load (ETL) process to convert the CSV files into Apache Parquet format.
Correct Answer: CE
Question 4:
An online learning company is migrating to the AWS Cloud. The company maintains its student records in a PostgreSQL database. The company needs a solution in which its data is available and online across multiple AWS Regions at all times.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
A. Migrate the PostgreSQL database to a PostgreSQL cluster on Amazon EC2 instances.
B. Migrate the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance with the Multi-AZ feature turned on.
C. Migrate the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon RDS for the PostgreSQL DB instance. Create a read replica in another Region.
D. Migrate the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon RDS for the PostgreSQL DB instance. Set up DB snapshots to be copied to another Region.
Correct Answer: C
“online across multiple AWS Regions at all times”. Currently, only Read Replica supports cross-regions, Multi-AZ does not support cross-region (it works only in the same region) https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2018/01/amazonrds-read-replicas-now-support-multi-az-deployments/
Question 5:
A company has migrated an application to Amazon EC2 Linux instances. One of these EC2 instances runs several 1-hour tasks on a schedule. These tasks were written by different teams and have no common programming language. The company is concerned about performance and scalability while these tasks run on a single instance. A solutions architect needs to implement a solution to resolve these concerns.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use AWS Batch to run the tasks as jobs. Schedule the jobs by using Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events).
B. Convert the EC2 instance to a container. Use AWS App Runner to create the container on demand to run the tasks as jobs.
C. Copy the tasks into AWS Lambda functions. Schedule the Lambda functions by using Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events).
D. Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) of the EC2 instance that runs the tasks. Create an Auto Scaling group with the AMI to run multiple copies of the instance.
Correct Answer: C
Question 6:
A company has a three-tier application for image sharing. The application uses an Amazon EC2 instance for the front-end layer, another EC2 instance for the application layer, and a third EC2 instance for a MySQL database. A solutions architect must design a scalable and highly available solution that requires the least amount of change to the application.
Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Use Amazon S3 to host the front-end layer. Use AWS Lambda functions for the application layer. Move the database to an Amazon DynamoDB table. Use Amazon S3 to store and serve users\’ images.
B. Use load-balanced Multi-AZ AWS Elastic Beanstalk environments for the front-end layer and the application layer. Move the database to an Amazon RDS DB instance with multiple read replicas to serve users\’ images.
C. Use Amazon S3 to host the front-end layer. Use a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group for the application layer. Move the database to a memory-optimized instance type to store and serve users\’ images.
D. Use load-balanced Multi-AZ AWS Elastic Beanstalk environments for the front-end layer and the application layer. Move the database to an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance. Use Amazon S3 to store and serve users\’ images.
Correct Answer: D
for “Highly available”: Multi-AZ and for “least amount of changes to the application”: Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment, from capacity provisioning, load balancing, auto-scaling to application health monitoring
Question 7:
A company stores millions of objects in Amazon S3. The data is in JSON format and Apache Parquet format. The data is partitioned and new objects are added daily. A solutions architect needs to create a solution so that employees can use SQL to perform one-time queries against all the data. The solution must avoid code changes and must minimize operational overhead.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use S3 Select to perform queries against all the S3 objects
B. Create an AWS Glue table and an AWS Glue crawler Schedule the crawler to run daily Perform queries with Amazon Athena
C. Create an Amazon EMR cluster Set up C. EMR File System (EMRFS) to access the S3 bucket Perform queries with Apache Spark
D. Create an Amazon Redshift cluster Schedule an AWS Lambda function to perform the COPY command on the Redshift cluster to load the S3 data Perform queries on the Redshift cluster.
Correct Answer: D
Question 8:
A company is using Amazon CloudFront with this website. The company has enabled logging on the CloudFront distribution, and logs are saved in one of the company\’s Amazon S3 buckets The company needs to perform advanced analyses on the logs and build visualizations
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements\’?
A. Use standard SQL queries in Amazon Athena to analyze the CloudFront togs in the S3 bucket Visualize the results with AWS Glue
B. Use standard SQL queries in Amazon Athena to analyze the CloudFront togs in the S3 bucket Visualize the results with Amazon QuickSight
C. Use standard SQL queries in Amazon DynamoDB to analyze the CloudFront logs m the S3 bucket Visualize the results with AWS Glue
D. Use standard SQL queries in Amazon DynamoDB to analyze the CloudFront logs m the S3 bucket Visualize the results with Amazon QuickSight
Correct Answer: D
Question 9:
A company has an on-premises MySQL database used by the global sales team with infrequent access patterns. The sales team requires the database to have minimal downtime. A database administrate wants to migrate this database to AWS without selecting a particular instance type in anticipation of more users In the future.
Which service should a solutions architect recommend?
A. Amazon Aurora MySQL
B. Amazon Aurora Serverless tor MySQL
C. Amazon Redshift Spectrum
D. Amazon RDS for MySQL
Correct Answer: B
Question 10:
A company needs to retain application logs files for a critical application for 10 years. The application team regularly accesses logs from the past month for troubleshooting, but logs older than 1 month are rarely accessed. The application generates more than 10 TB of logs per month.
Which storage option meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Store the Iogs in Amazon S3 Use AWS Backup to move logs more than 1-month-old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive
B. Store the logs in Amazon S3 Use S3 Lifecycle policies to move logs more than 1-month-old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive
C. Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs Use AWS Backup to move logs more than 1 month old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive
D. Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs Use Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies to move logs more than 1-month-old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive
Correct Answer: B
You need S3 to be able to archive the logs after one month. Cannot do that with CloudWatch Logs.
Question 11:
A company is migrating a Linux-based web server group to AWS. The web servers must access files in a shared file store for some content. The company must not make any changes to the application.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Create an Amazon S3 Standard bucket with access to the web servers.
B. Configure an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an Amazon S3 bucket as the origin.
C. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Mount the EFS file system on all web servers.
D. Configure a General Purpose SSD (gp3) Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Mount the EBS volume to all web servers.
Correct Answer: C
Question 12:
A company is designing a cloud communications platform that is driven by APIs. The application is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The company uses Amazon API Gateway to provide external users with access to the application through APIs. The company wants to protect the platform against web exploits like SQL injection and also wants to detect and mitigate large, sophisticated DDoS attacks.
Which combination of solutions provides the MOST protection? (Select TWO.)
A. Use AWS WAF to protect the NLB.
B. Use AWS Shield Advanced with the NLB.
C. Use AWS WAF to protect Amazon API Gateway.
D. Use Amazon GuardDuty with AWS Shield Standard.
E. Use AWS Shield Standard with Amazon API Gateway.
Correct Answer: BC
AWS Shield Advanced provides expanded DDoS attack protection for your Amazon EC2 instances, Elastic Load Balancing load balancers, CloudFront distributions, Route 53 hosted zones, and AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerators.
AWS WAF is a web application firewall that lets you monitor the HTTP and HTTPS requests that are forwarded to your protected web application resources. You can protect the following resource types:
1.
Amazon CloudFront distribution
2.
Amazon API Gateway REST API
3.
Application Load Balancer
4.
AWS AppSync GraphQL API
5.
Amazon Cognito user pool
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/waf/latest/developerguide/what-is-aws-waf.html
Question 13:
A company\’s facility has badge readers at every entrance throughout the building. When badges are scanned, the readers send a message over HTTPS to indicate who attempted to access that particular entrance.
A solutions architect must design a system to process these messages from the sensors. The solution must be highly available, and the results must be made available for the company\’s security team to analyze.
Which system architecture should the solutions architect recommend?
A. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance to serve as the HTTPS endpoint and to process the messages Configure the EC2 instance to save the results to an Amazon S3 bucket.
B. Create an HTTPS endpoint in Amazon API Gateway. Configure the API Gateway endpoint to invoke an AWS Lambda function to process the messages and save the results to an Amazon DynamoDB table.
C. Use Amazon Route 53 to direct incoming sensor messages to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to process the messages and save the results to an Amazon DynamoDB table.
D. Create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. Configure a Site-to-Site VPN connection from the facility network to the VPC so that sensor data can be written directly to an S3 bucket by way of the VPC endpoint.
Correct Answer: B
Question 14:
A company wants to run applications in containers in the AWS Cloud. These applications are stateless and can tolerate disruptions within the underlying infrastructure. The company needs a solution that minimizes cost and operational overhead.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Use Spot Instances in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to run the application containers.
B. Use Spot Instances in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) managed node group.
C. Use On-Demand Instances in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to run the application containers.
D. Use On-Demand Instances in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) managed node group.
Correct Answer: A
https://aws.amazon.com/cn/blogs/compute/cost-optimization-and-resilience-eks-with-spot-instances/
Question 15:
A company recently signed a contract with an AWS Managed Service Provider (MSP) Partner for help with an application migration initiative. A solutions architect needs to share an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) from an existing AWS account with the MSP Partner\’s AWS account. The AMI is backed by Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) and uses a customer-managed customer master key (CMK) to encrypt EBS volume snapshots.
What is the MOST secure way for the solutions architect to share the AMI with the MSP Partner\’s AWS account?
A. Make the encrypted AMI and snapshots publicly available. Modify the CMK\’s key policy to allow the MSP Partner\’s AWS account to use the key
B. Modify the launchPermission property of the AMI. Share the AMI with the MSP Partner\’s AWS account only. Modify the CMK\’s key policy to allow the MSP Partner\’s AWS account to use the key.
C. Modify the launchPermission property of the AMI Share the AMI with the MSP Partner\’s AWS account only. Modify the CMK\’s key policy to trust a new CMK that is owned by the MSP Partner for encryption.
D. Export the AMI from the source account to an Amazon S3 bucket in the MSP Partner\’s AWS account. Encrypt the S3 bucket with a CMK that is owned by the MSP Partner Copy and launch the AMI in the MSP Partner\’s AWS account.
Correct Answer: B
Share the existing KMS key with the MSP external account because it has already been used to encrypt the AMI snapshot. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/key-policy-modifying-external-accounts.html
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